Tongli hammer crusher Introduction

A hammer crusher is a type of crusher that uses impact to break down materials. It consists of a rotating shaft with hammers attached that hit the material and cause it to shatter. The material is then thrown against a crushing plate or a grate screen that further reduces its size. The hammer crusher can handle materials with different levels of hardness, brittleness, and moisture, such as limestone, gypsum, coal, slag, etc. It is widely used in various industries, such as cement, mining, metallurgy, chemical, etc.

Tongli hammer crusher structure

A hammer crusher comprises several integral components that collectively enable efficient material crushing. From the rotor’s impact force to the hammers’ crushing action and the precision of the crushing chamber, each component plays a distinct role in shaping the crusher’s performance. Tongli’s properly designed and maintained components ensure effective crushing, consistent product quality, and reliable operation in diverse material processing scenarios.

Rotor: The rotor is the heart of a hammer crusher, as it consists of a central shaft and a series of hammers arranged along its length. The motor drives the rotor to rotate at a high speed when the crusher operates, and the hammers attached to the rotor hit the material and cause it to shatter. The design and weight distribution of the rotor ensure efficient impact forces for effective material reduction, making it a crucial component for the crusher’s performance.

Hammers: Hammers are the striking tools that directly engage with the material during the crushing process. They vary in shape and size, depending on the type of crusher and the desired particle size. The impact of the hammers generates high-energy collisions, shattering the material and reducing it to smaller sizes. Properly selected hammers contribute to efficient crushing, consistent product size, and minimal wear on other components, directly influencing the crusher’s effectiveness.

Crushing Chamber: The crushing chamber encloses the rotor and hammers, creating a confined space where material undergoes crushing. Its design and shape affect the trajectory and velocity of the material, optimizing the impact forces. A well-designed crushing chamber ensures effective material breakage and efficient utilization of energy. It also helps control particle size distribution and prevents material from escaping during operation, enhancing the crusher’s overall performance.

Grate Bars: Grate bars are positioned at the bottom of the crushing chamber to control the size of the crushed material. They allow finer particles to pass through while retaining larger particles for further crushing by the hammers. Grate bars regulate the discharge particle size, ensuring the desired product specifications. Their arrangement and spacing influence the efficiency of material flow and particle size control, directly affecting the crusher’s output quality.

Housing and Liners: The crusher’s housing provides protection for its internal components and helps contain the crushed material. The housing is often lined with wear-resistant materials to withstand the impact and abrasion caused by the material being crushed. Liners prevent excessive wear on the housing and maintain optimal crushing conditions. Their durability and proper fit contribute to the crusher’s longevity and ensure consistent performance over time.

Drive System: The drive system powers the crusher’s rotor and controls its speed. It connects the rotor to the motor, enabling the hammers to rotate and impact the material. The drive system’s design and control allow operators to adjust the crusher’s output by modifying the rotor’s speed. This adaptability is crucial for achieving the desired product size and optimizing the crusher’s efficiency for various materials and applications.

Tongli hammer crusher design principle

Versatility in Material Handling: Hammer crushers offer remarkable versatility in handling a wide variety of materials. From limestone to coal, from ores to aggregates, these crushers excel at breaking down diverse materials with varying hardness and sizes. This adaptability makes them suitable for applications in industries ranging from mining and construction to cement and recycling.

Simple and Robust Construction: The simplicity of a hammer crusher’s design contributes to its robustness. With fewer moving parts compared to other crushers, there are fewer potential points of failure. This robust construction enhances the crusher’s durability, reducing maintenance needs and minimizing downtime. It’s an advantage particularly valued in demanding operating conditions.

High Reduction Ratio: Hammer crushers excel at achieving high reduction ratios, meaning they can efficiently reduce large-sized materials into smaller, manageable sizes. The combination of impact and attrition forces generated by the hammers efficiently breaks down materials, producing finer particles suitable for downstream processes like grinding or further crushing.

Adjustable Discharge Size: Hammer crushers offer adjustable discharge sizes, allowing operators to control the product’s final size according to specific requirements. By adjusting the gap between the hammers and the grate bars, operators can produce various particle sizes. This flexibility enhances the crusher’s versatility, enabling the production of materials suited to different applications and industries.

Minimal Fines Generation: Hammer crushers minimize the generation of fine particles during the crushing process. Their impact-based crushing mechanism fractures the material into larger pieces, resulting in fewer fines. This advantage is particularly beneficial for materials prone to excessive fines generation, ensuring high-quality end products and minimizing waste.

Specifications of tongli hammer crusher

Note: * Capacity based on material compressive strength 300MPa

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Zhejiang Tongli Heavy Machinery Manufacturing Co., Ltd (Formerly known as Tongxiang Coal&Mining Machinery Factory) established in year 1958 is a member of the Chinese National Building Material Machinery Association. Tongli is on the vendor list of designated production enterprise of the Ministry of Coal Industry. ISO9001、ISO14001、ISO45001 certified, accredited as High-tech & new technology enterprise of Zhejiang Province. With 65+ years of experience, Tongli has earned first class R&D and manufacturing capabilities, dedicated to provide satisfactory manufacturing equipments for global customers.   

Industry Knowledge extension

How does a hammer crusher break down materials?

A hammer crusher breaks down materials by using impact forces. The material enters the working area of the crusher and is hit by high-speed hammers. The hammers transfer kinetic energy to the material and make it impact the crushing plate and grate screen at high speed. The material is then broken for the second time by the impact and shear forces. The final product size can be controlled by changing the gap between the screen and the rotor.

What are some factors that affect the performance of a hammer crusher?

Factors that affect the performance of a hammer crusher are the rotor speed, the feed size, the material hardness, the grate or screen size, the wear parts quality, and the maintenance frequency. The rotor speed determines the impact force and the crushing efficiency of the hammers. The feed size affects the product size and the capacity of the crusher. The material hardness influences the wear resistance and service life of the hammers. The grate or screen size determines the final product size and the amount of fines generated. The wear parts quality affects the durability and reliability of the crusher. The maintenance frequency affects the availability and operating costs of the crusher.